Space Facility
It is located in Kazakhstan, about 200 kilometers (~125 mi) east of the Aral Sea, on the north bank of the Syr Darya, near the town of Tyuratam.
It is leased by the Kazakh government to Russia (until 2050) and managed by the Russian Federal Space Agency. It was originally built by the Soviet Union as the base of operations for its ambitious space program from the late 1950s to the 1980s.
Baikonur is fully equipped with facilities for launching both manned and unmanned space vehicles. It supports several generations of Russian spacecraft: Soyuz, Proton and Zenit.
During the temporary lapse of the United States' Space Shuttle program after the Columbia Disaster in 2003, it has played an essential role in the resupply and deployment of the International Space Station.